11/2/2024
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DOORASHOOYINKII DALKA EE XILIYADII GOBANIMADA

         

                         

Waxaa lagu gudda jiraa xili doorashooyin dadbani dalka ka dhacayaan taasoo meesha ka saartay hiigsigii la filayey ee (one man one vote) in dalka  lagu qabto 2016 sida ku qeexan axdi-qarameedka qabyada ah DFS ha-yeeshee lagu guul-dareystay hadafkaas loona aaneeyey sababo badan oo isugu jira xaaladaha dalka ka jiray iyo in aan  juhdi weyn la gelin arimihii saldhiga u ahaa qabsoomida doorashadaas sida:

 

Dhameeystirka Axdi qarameedka qabyada ah,sugida amniga dalka ,tirakoob dadweyne,diyaarinta shuruucdii axsaabta IWM.

 

Sida ciwaankeenu yahay bal aan dib u milicsi kooban ku sameyno  doorashooyinkii dalka soo maray 1956-1959 -1964 iyo1969 si an u barbar dhigno heerka an manta joogno kadib nus qarni

ku dhawaad  laga joogaa  xiligii doorasho  muwaadin  u dhashay Jamhuriyadii Soomaaliya  aw isticmaalo xuquuqdiisa codbixineed (Suffragio universale)  oo ku beegneed 26Marso 1969kii.

Waxan si kooban qormadan ugu qaada dhigi doonaa heerarki ay soo mareen doorashooyinkii dalkeena anoo ku eegi doono qaababkii doorasho  mudadii u dhaxeysay 1956 ilaa 1969.

 

Horaantii 1954 ayaa Maamulkii wasaayada Talyaaniga ee UN amaanada ugu dhiibay AFIS ( (Aministraziona Fiduciario Somalo )loo cuskaday bayaanadii 289iv,21november iyo bayaankii 20kii disember UNGAOR 1949 lagu cadeeyey in mudo 10 sano ah Koofurta Soomaalia xornimo lagu gaarsiiyo 1950-1960 ayadoo loo dhisay Gole loogu magac daray Golaha la-tashida dalka ( (Consiglio Teritoriale) oo ka koobnaa 51 xubnood  lagana soo xulay Axsaabtii dalka  ka jirtay iyo Jaaliyadihii Shisheeyaha.ee dalka degenaa.

 

Waxa Golahaas madax ka noqday mudane Gasbari oo ka mid ahaa Maamulkii wasaayada Talyaaniga, waxana ku xigeenano ka noqday  AUN Aden Abdulle Osman oo ka tirsanaa hogaankii Xisbigii SYL.

 

Marka laga yimaado Golahaas La-tashiga waxa, taariikhda dalkeena  lagu qabtay 4 doorasho 

 2 laba ka mid ahaayeen doorasho dadban ee koofurta iyo waqqyiga Soomalia  xiligii daakhiliga 1956 iyo 1959kii halka  labada kalana la qabtay gobanimadii kadib 1964 iyo 1969kii Ayadoo muwaadiniinta J/Soomaaliyed fursad u heleen in ay codkooda si toos ah u ugu soo xushaan Wakiiladooda..

.

Bal eeg noocyada  doorashooyinkaasi iyo qaababka looga hirgeliyey Dalka:

 

1)      Doorashadii koowaad ee daakhilga  koofurta Soomaalia Febraio 1956:

Markii ugu horeysay xiligii wasaayada Talyaanigu Koofurta dalka maamuleysay waxa la soo doortay Gole sharci-dejin oo ka koobnaa 70 kursi oo 60 ka mid laga soo doortay Xisbiyo dhawr ah,halka 10 mudane ee kale laga soo magacaabay Jaliyadaha dalka ku noolaaa ama wax ka degenaa..

 

60kaas kursi waxa laga  soo doortay 25 Degmo doorashooyinkaas oo ka dhacay Degmooyin iyo  Tuulooyin  halka miyigana lagu qabtay 613 SHIR oo loo tirinayey codbixiyayaasha Qabiil Qabiil iyo xisbiga ay codkooda siinayaan wadar ahaantood (open councils) ,doorashadaasi waxa ay dhacday mudadii u dhexeysay November 1955 ilaa Janayo1956.

 

Doorashadaas waxa codbixinayey  muwaadiniinta 21 jirsaday halka la dooran karay 30 jir iyo wixii ka weyn ,qori karay ama akhrin karay farta laatiinka ama Carabiga midkood halka shirarka miyiga ah an loo ogolayn cobixiyayaasha 15 jir ka yar.

 

10ka mudane ee Jaaliyadaha dalka degenaa waxa loo qoondeeyey ama loogu qeybiyey: Talyani,Arab,Indian iyo Pakistaan, doorashadaas waxa si aqlabiyad uh ugu guuleeystay Xisbigii SYL oo helay 43 Kursi oo ka mid 70kii Kursi.

 

Waxan natiijada  doorashadaas kadib Koofurta Soomaaliya yelatay Raiisul wasaarihii ugu horeeyey iyo xukuumad daakhili ah ee aw hogaaminayey Marxuum AUN Halgame Abdullahi Cise Moxamuud iyo Xisbigii SYL ( SOMALI YOUTH  LEAGE) oo soo dhisay xukuumadii  ka koobnayd 5 Wasiir .

 

Eeg Natiijadii doorashadii Koofurta Soomaalia Febraio 1956,

 

  Xisbi

codad

%

Kursi

Somali Youth League

333,820

54.29

43

Hizbia Digil and Mirifle

159,967

26.01

13

Somali Democratic Movement

80,866

13.15

3

Somali National Union

21,630

3.5

0

Marehan Union

11,358

1.85

1

Afgoi-Audegle

3,441

0.6

0

S Hawiya Youth Union

1,846

0.3

0

Six Shidle

1,550

0.2

0

S Bagiuni Fichirini

426

0.1

0

Reserved seats

10

Total

614,904

100

70

Xigasho: Keydka diwaanka doorashooyinka Afrika

 

 

Sidoo kale 1956  ayaa markii ugu horeysay taariikhda Dalkeena loo magacaabay Saraakiil madax looga dhigay  6dii Gobol ee Koofurta Soomaalia kuwaasoo tababaro ku soo qaatay dalka Talyaaniga oo kala ahaa:

 

1)    Ali Omar Shegaw                                    Guddomye Gobol       Benderqaasim(Bari)                          L/xidigle         Cabdalla Ali.                                   Taliye qeyb Polic

 2)  Dahir Xaji Osman( dhegaweyne               Gudoomiye Gobol Mudug

      L/xididle  Mohamed Ibraahim liq liqato.                    Taliye Qeyb Polic

 3)  Banadir              Nin talyani   ah              Gudoomiye Gobol Banadir                                  

      L/ L/xidgle Mohamed Siyaad Bare.                             Taliye Qeyb Polic

 4)   Nur Axmed Kasteli                                   Gudoomiye Gobol J/Hoose                                             L/xidigle Mohamed Caynaanshe Guuleed.                  Taliye Qeyb Polic

 5) Xassan Nur Cilmi                                     Gudoomiye Gobol Hiiraan                               

     L/ xidigle Dauud Abdulle Xirsi                                   .Taliye Qeyb Polic

  6) Xaaji Bashiir Ismaaciil                             Gudoomiye Gobol J/Sare                                                  

     L/xidigle       Mohamed Abshir Muuse.                        Taliye Qeyb Polic

 

 

2) Doorashadii 8 Marso 1959 iyo 7Febrayo 1960kii ee Koofurta iyo Waqooyiga Soomaalia

 

Waa doorashadii labaad ee daakhiliga oo ka dhacday taariikhda kor ku qoran 6dii Gobol ee Koofurta Soomaaliya  laguna soo dooratay 90 Mudane  oo kala yimid Gobolada hoos ku qoran:

1)Baanadir. 2) Jubada hoose 4)Hiiraan 5) Jubada sare 6)Mudug iyo 8) Majeertenya( bari).

Tirada kuraastaas ayaa maamulkii wasaayada Talyaanigu ku saleeyey tirakoob laga sameeyey dhammaan degmooyinka,tuulooyinka iyo dhulka miyiga ah ee Koofurta dalka .

 

Doorashadaas waxa markii ugu horeysay la kulantay kala qeyb-sanaan ku dhacday xisbigii SYL iyo qaadacaad ka qeyb gal la’aan doorashada ay sameeyeen  2 Xisbi oo kala ahaa Somali Independent constitutional Party iyo Greater Somalia League taasoo guushii ku raacday  xisbigii SYL kuna guuleysto 83 kursi oo ka mid ah 90 kursi ee loo tartamayey.

 

Nasiib wanaag khilaafkaasi waa laga heshiiyey aakhirkii oo xisbigii SYL dib ayuu uga midoobay ,arintaasoo Dawladii Talyaaniga ku noqotay lama filaan kuna sheegtay heshiiskaas in Soomaalidu gaartay (Maturita  Politico )oo la macno ah Biseyl siyaasadeed,

 

Eeg Natiijadii doorashadii Koofurta Soomaaliya 8Marso1959kii.

 

Xisbi                                               codad                     %                        kursi               +/-

Somali youth leage                      236,134               75.58                       83                  +40

Somali Independence CParty       40,857                13.00                        5                 Cusub

Liberal party                                35,769                11.4                          2                 Cusub

Wadarta                                       313,760                100                         90                   47

 

Sida ka muuqato shaxda natiijada xisbigii SYL waxa aw kororsaday 40 kursi marka la barbar- dhigo tirada doorashadii febraio1956 ee aw helay 43 kursi. halka xisbigii la oran jiray Xisbio Xigile mirifle aw lumiyey gebi ahaan 13 kursi ee aw ka helay doorashadii hore.

Natiijada doorashadaas kadib ayaa AUN Marxuum Abdullahii Ciise  loo magacaabay R/Wasaarihii Xukuumadii labaad ee daakhiliga.

           

Natiijadii doorashadii Gobolada Waqooyiga Soomaalia 17 febraaio 1960kii

Taariikhdaas ayaa  xukuumadii maxmiyada Ingriisku ku dhawaaqday natiijadii doorashada oo u dhacday sida hoos ku qoran:.

Somali National Leage      20 Kursi

United Somali Party           12 Kursi

National United Front         1Kursi.

Natiijada doorashadaas kadib ayey axsaabtaasi Waqooyiga Soomaaliya ka codsadeen Maxmiyadii Ingriiska in la siiyo gobanimo si ay ula midoobaad walaalahooda gobolada Koofurta Soomaalia taa oo laga aqbalay.

 

Aqlabiyada kuraastaas gobolada Koofur iyo Waqooyi waxa ku guuleystay Xisbiyadii hormuudka ka ahaa gobanimadoonka sida: SYL ,SNL,sidoo kale mudanayaasha barlamaanku waxa ay ahaayeen kuwo lagu soo doortay Soomaalinimo iyo doorkoodii gobanimadoon oo an loo eegin Qabiil ,deegaanka aw ka soo jeedo asal ahaan kana madaxbanaanaa eex iyo musuq maasuq.

(Free of corruption)ayadoo ay xusin mudan tahay in mudanayaashaas qaarkood xilka loogu dhiibay kadib  FAATAXO  baahida bulshadu u qabtay darteed.

 

26kii Jun iyo 1dii Julay 1960 ayey ahaayeen maalmihii hanashada gobanimada Waqooyi iyo Koofur ayaa golayaashii waqooyi iyo koofur goaamiyeen:

 

Midawgii labada gobol ee Jumhuuriyada Soomaaaliya , ansixintii ku dhaqanka dastuurkii KMG,caasimada jamhiiriyada, sidoo kale ayaa loo doortay madaxwenye KMG AUN Aden Abdulle Osman asgoo u magacaabay R/wasaare AUN Abdirashiid Ali Shrmaarke

 

20Jun 1961 waxa la qabtay  aftidii dastuurkii dalka ee 90.58% ku codeeyeen Ogol Dastuurka.

EEG SHAXDAN NATIIJADII AFTIDII QARAN( Sanduuqii Cadaa iyo Sanduuqii Madoobaa).

Somali costitutional referendum1961.

 Doorasho             Codadka             %

Ogol                      1,756,216             90.58

Diidan                  183,000                 9.44

Halaabay                   9,1342                   -

Wadarta                1,948,348              100

 

Source : African Election Database

 

6Julay1961 ayaa la qabtay doorashadii ugu horeysay oo ay ku tartamaan labo Musharax   jagada madaxweynaha dalka oo kala ahaa AUwadaNaxariistee Mudane Aden Abdulle Osman iyo Mudane Shiikh Cali Jimcaale Baraale.

 

Tartamayaashu labaduba waxa ay ka soo wada jeedeen  SYL G/Hiiraan ,Degmada Beledweyne tasoo guushii ku raacday wareegii sadexaad AUN Aden Abdulle Osman.

 

3 ) Doorashadii koowaad J/Soomaliya ee gobanimada kadib 30 Marso  1964.

Waxa la qabtay doorashadii ugu horeysay markii gobanimada la qaatay  oo cod iyo qof lagu galay dhammaan  degmooyinkii  8 gobol ee dalka J/Soomalia ka koobnaa kadib midawgii labadii Gobol ee ku  midoobay Jumhuriyadii Soomaaliya 1 julay 1960kii ,waxana guushii ku raacday Xisbigii SYL  oo helay 69 kursi oo ka mid ahaa wadartii xildhibaanada guud ee J/Soomalia oo ka koobneed 123 kusi.

 .Eeg Natiijadii doorashadaa..

 

        Xisbi

Codad

%

Kursi

+/−

Somali Youth League

472,296

51.7

69

−14

Somali National Congress

186,208

20.4

22

CUSUB

Somali Democratic Union

95,707

10.5

15

CUSUB

Somali Independent Constitutional Party

80,173

8.8

9

+4

United Somali Party

7,552

0.8

1

−11

Giovani S Partito Liberale

6,766

0.7

1

CUSUB

Somali National League

4,354

0.5

1

−19

Somali African National Union

3,930

0.4

1

CUSUB

Other parties

57,083

6.2

4

CUSUB

Total

914,069

100

123

0

Xigasho: Diwaanka doorashooyinka Afrika

 

 Sida ka muuqato shaxda doorashada sare waxa ku guuleystay xisbigii SYL ha yeeshee waxa aw xisbigaasi lumiyeen 14 kursi halka xisbigii SNL uu lumiyey19kursi sidoo kale Xisbigii USP uu lumiyey 11 kursi marka la barbardhigo doorashadii ka horeysay ee 1959 iyo horaantii 1960kii ka kala dhacday goboladii Koofur iyo Waqooyi,waxana kuraastaas u meertay inta badan axsaabta SNC iyo SDU oo ay hogaaminayeen mudanayaal hore uga tirsanaa Xisbiyadii gobanimada dhaliyey.

 

Mudo-xileedkii AUN Aden Cabdulle Osman 1961/1967 waxa aw kala magacaabay 2 Raiisul wassaareyaal kala ahaa:.

 

AUN Abdirashiid C Sharmarke 1961 -1964.

AUN Abdirazaaq Xaaji Xuseen  1964-1967.

10 Jun 1967 oo ka ekeed mudo-xileedkii AUN Aden Abdulle Osman waxa tartankii jagada madaxweyne uga guuleystay AUN Mudane Abdirashiid Cali Sharmaarke ,asagoo u magacaabay RW AUN Marxuum Mohamed Ibrahin Egal.

 

 DOORASHADII 2AAD EE XORIYADII KADIB J/SOOMALIA 26 Marso 1969.

Doorashaas waxa ku tartamay 64 Xisbi oo 27 kamid ahi kuraas ka hanteen,waxana guushii ku raacday Xisbigii S.Y.L oo ku adkaaday73 mudane oo ka mid ahaa 123 Kursi.

 

 

              Xisbi

Codad

%

Kursi

+/–

Somali Youth League

260,046

33.24

73

+4

Somali National Congress

77,339

9.89

11

–11

Somali Democratic Union

46,064

5.89

2

–13

Popular Movement for Democratic Action

42,629

5.45

2

New

Somali African National Union

42,006

5.43

6

+1

Somali Socialist Party

31,058

3.97

2

New

Somali Independent Constitutional Party

27,681

3.54

8

–1

Liberal Party of Young Somalis

25,639

3.28

3

+2

Revolutionary Socialist Workers Party

16,742

2.14

1

New

United Somali Party

13,942

1.78

0

–1

Ururka Dadka Dalka

13,543

1.73

1

New

Somali National Solidarity Party

12,269

1.57

1

New

Somali People's Movement Party

8,531

1.09

2

New

Somali United Party

7,923

1.01

1

New

Muslim Democratic Party

6,655

0.85

1

New

Somali Republican party

6,240

0.80

0

–1

Ubah Party

5,912

0.76

1

New

Somali National League

5,404

0.69

1

0

All Somali Association

5,395

0.69

1

New

Somali Danwadag Union Party

5,389

0.69

1

New

Somali Labour Party

5,122

0.65

1

New

Progressive Socialist Union

4,426

0.57

1

New

Organisation of Somali Unity

4,353

0.56

1

New

Somali National Movement

4,290

0.55

0

–1

Worker's and People's Democratic Party

3,524

0.45

1

New

Somali African Democratic Party

3,471

0.44

1

New

 

 

 

 

 

Somali National Union Manifesto

2,908

0.37

1

New

Somali Amalgamation Party

2,870

0.37

1

New

Partito Guistizia e Liberta

2,305

0.29

1

New

Somali Democratic Party

2,293

0.29

1

New

Other parties (34)

86,265

10.90

0

Invalid/blank votes

97,320

Total

879,554

100

123

0

Xigasho: Diwaanka doorashyinka Afrika,

 

 Sida ka muuqato shaxda sare waxa 74 mudane guushu ku raacday doorashadaas Xisbigii SYL oo kororsaday 4 kursi halka axsaabtii SNC iyo SDU ay lumiyeen wadajirkooda 24 kursi marka la barbardhigo

Doorashadii ka horeysay ee 1964tii.

 

Doorashadaas kadib ayaa tiradii ugu madneed Mudanayaashii axsaabtii mucaaradku ku soo biiray SYL gaar ahaa Xisbigii SNC ee ugu weynaaa mucaaradka Dalka ayaa isbaheysigaas racay sidaas ayey SYL ku kasbatay120 Kursi oo ka mid ah 123 kursi ee tirada guud ee xildhibaankii Soomaalia

 

Doorashdaasi dadka Soomaaliyeed u bixiyeen WOOD KHASAARAY loo la jeeday in mudo 6 bilood kadib inqilaad millerteri kala wareegay taladii Dalka.


Gunaanad.

Waxan qormadan u soo qaatay in an la qeybsado akhristayaasha sharafta keh si an u wada daalacano dhacdooyin muujiyey 50 sanadood ka hor in shacbiga  Soomaaliyeed ka bileys badnaa kuweena maanta joogo marka loo eego daacadnimada,wadaniyada,hogaaminta ,dimogradiyada, ilbaxnimada iyo aqoonsiga xuquuqda muwaadinka.

 

Waxan soo marnay maalmo dhaamo maalmahaan ee hogaan iyo bulsho ku wada qanacsanaa in ay ku wada noolaadaan qaanuun ay dhigteen oo muwaadiniinta fursad u siinayey doorashada matalaada wakiiladooda siyaasadeed oo loo marayey tartan furan iyo axsaab siyasadeed oo qof waliba fakerkeeda (xuriyatul qawlka) iyo ficilkiisa ku soo bandhigi jiray  cod-bixin(one man one vote) ,wargeysyo madax-banaan sida warsidihii caan baxay  ee (la Tribuna) iyo dibad-baxyo nabadeed sida kii gil gilay caasimada Soomaalia ee la magac baxay (NO BOON).-

     

         Waa qalinkii:

     Elmi Farah Nur Webi.

Email: [email protected]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 





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