Tuesday May 22, 2018
António Guterres made the appeal during a Security Council meeting on
Tuesday, where he presented a report outlining three ways governments
can step up action.
He noted that last year, more than 26,000 civilians were killed or
injured in six countries affected by conflict: Afghanistan, the Central
African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Somalia,
and Yemen.
“The most effective way to protect civilians is to prevent conflicts
and to end them,” Mr. Guterres told the Council. “This is why conflict
prevention, resolution and peacebuilding are, and will remain, the
highest priorities for the whole United Nations system.”
The Secretary-General’s report first calls on governments to develop
national policy frameworks to offer more protection for civilians caught
up in fighting.
Countries are also asked to support efforts by the UN and others to
engage with non-state armed groups to develop practical codes of conduct
for them, and action plans that address civilian protection.
Mr. Guterres said 17 groups have already signed action plans with the
UN on ending child recruitment, adding that “we need more of these
initiatives.”
Finally, he urged countries to ensure accountability for serious violations to end what he called “the climate of impunity.”
Steps include conducting credible national investigations and giving full support to the work of the International Criminal Court, which prosecutes individuals charged with atrocities such as genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.
The Secretary-General’s speech highlighted numerous ways lives have
been upended by war, such as being subjected to rape and other human
rights violations, or enduring the horrors of bombing and shelling in
densely populated areas.
Yves Daccord, Director-General of the International Committee of the
Red Cross (ICRC), echoed another concern expressed by the UN chief:
attacks against medical facilities and personnel.
He said that in the two years since the Council adopted a resolution on this subject,
the ICRC has recorded more than 1,200 incidents in 16 countries, with
health workers killed, hospitals bombed or looted, and medical supplies
destroyed or prevented from crossing front lines.
“The gap between words and actions is rather dramatic,” he charged.
“And it is imperative that all states, not only parties to conflicts,
uphold international commitments and make the protection of healthcare a
national priority.”
Civilians in Iraq have endured more than three decades of war,
insecurity and violence, veteran human rights defender, Hanaa Edwar,
reminded ambassadors.
She urged the Council to give more support to recovery efforts there,
such as those underway in the city of Mosul, the last stronghold of the
extremist group, ISIL, or Daesh.
Ms. Edwaar said all Iraqi civilians must have access to
accountability, which she stressed “should not be limited to some people
and some types of violations.”
She reported that families of Daesh fighters have been badly treated
in camps. Meanwhile, women who had been forced to marry extremists, as
well as their children, have been stigmatized.
“The successful elections following the liberation of areas under the
control of Daesh offer us a chance to move forward to building
inclusive peace and justice,” she said. “In this effort, the rights of
all women to full participation should be respected.”